MCQS SET TWO – RADIATION HAZARDS AND PROTECTION

QUESTIONS

Q1. Regarding dose area product , the following are true –
a. The units are mSv/cm2
b. Depends on the distance to the tube
c. Is independent of the geometry of the exposed part
d. Measured with TLD attached to the exposed part
e. Depends on the output of tube

Q2. The following are true about Geiger Muller counter –
a. Contains gas at high pressure
b. Cannot detect beta particles
c. Suitable for monitoring rate and dose
d. Can differentiate between different types of radiation
e. Operated at voltages in the plateau region

Q3. Regarding usual doses in radiology examinations, the following are true –
a. Effective dose of a barium enema is 3 mSv
b. Effective dose of a CT chest is equal to 100 chest PA radiograph
c. Effective dose of a gallium scan is 10 mSv
d. Surface entrance dose in a pelvis AP view is 10 m Gy
e. Effective dose of a bone scan is 4 mSv

Q4. Regarding IRR 1999, the following are true –
a. A person under 18 years may be designated as a classified person if need rises
b. An employer may cease to treat an employee as a classified person if required by the appointed doctor/ employment medical advisor
c. Persons who have received an overexposure but are not classified workers don’t undergo medical surveillance
d. In case of a radiation accident, dosimetry records are kept for a period of minimum 2 years
e. In case of significant contamination from a radionuclide spill, the employer should inform the radiation protection advisor

Q 5. The following are true regarding tissue weighting factors –
a. gonads – 0.20
b. liver – 0.12
c. skin - 0.12
d. breast – 0.05
e. thyroid – 0.05

Q6. Regarding the duty of an employee, the following statements are correct
a. wearing personal protective equipment
b. informing the HSE in case of overexposure to self
c. informing the employer in writing if pregnant or breastfeeding
d. providing instruction to other employees who receive emergency exposures
e. preparation of an emergency plan

Q7. Regarding duties of an employer
a. the employer prepares and reviews emergency plans
b. supervises all warning devices
c. provides personal protective equipment to employees
d. keeps dosimetry records of classified employees for 50 years
e. routinely measures doses received by patients undergoing radiological examinations

Q8. Regarding personal dosimeters
a. The film in a film badge is of the same size as a dental film
b. Film badge cannot differentiate between different types of radiation
c. TLD badge can be used to monitor finger doses
d. Electronic dosemeters can be read immediately
e. Film badges are calibrated using using xrays

Q9. Which of the following are correct –
a. Local rules are legal documents
b. The controlled area around a mobile xray unit extends for 2 metres around the unit
c. Most radiologists working in interventional radiology are classified workers
d. All classified workers have a radiation passbook
e. ARSAC certificate mentions the procedures that the holder can direct

Q10. Regarding personal dosemeters –
a. Electronic dosemeters(EPD) have a linear response from low to high energy radiation
b. EPDs provide a permanent record
c. EPD uses a single silicon photodiode
d. Cadmium filters in film badges identify slow neutrons
e. Intense blackening in film badge indicates radioactive spill



ANSWERS :

Ans 1-
a. F – cGy/cm2
b. F
c. T
d. F – air ionization chamber mounted onto exit window of xray tube
e. T

Ans 2 –
a. F, argon at low pressure
b. F
c. F
d. F
e. T

Ans 3 –
a. F, 8 mSv
b. F
c. F, 18 mSv
d. T
e. T

Ans 4 –
a. F
b. T
c. F
d. F, 50 yrs
e. F, executive

Ans 5 –
a. T
b. F –0.05
c. F – 0.01
d. T
e. T

Ans 6.
a. T
b. F, employer
c. T
d. F
e. F

Ans 7.
a. T
b. F, employer provides, RPS supervises
c. T
d. F
e. F

Ans 8.
a. T
b. T
c. T
d. T
e.F, calibrated using gamma rays

Ans 9.
a. T
b. T
c. F
d. T
e. T

Q10.
a. T
b. F
c. F, two
d. T
e. T

FRCR Part 1 MCQS - SET ONE

MCQS SET ONE - RADIATION HAZARDS & PROTECTION


1. Regarding radiation units, the following are true :
A) Effective dose is the absorbed dose multiplied by a radiation weighting factor
B) Equivalent dose is the sum of weighted effective doses for all the exposed tissues
C) Occupational exposure is measured in terms of absorbed dose ( Rads)
D) The weighting factor for alpha particles is 20
E) The units of equivalent dose are J/Kg

Answers:
A) False- equivalent dose
B) false – effective dose
C) false, Sv- effective dose
D) true
E) true

Q2. Which of the following are true :
A) Definite threshold exists for deterministic effects
B) Severity of stochastic effects are dose related
C) Radiation related cancers are examples of stochastic effect
D) Growth retardation in a fetus is a stochastic effect
E) Recommended dose limits are devised with relation to deterministic effects

Answers :
A) true
B) false
C) true
D) false
E) true

Q3. Regarding current recommended dose limits, the following are true
A) Annual effective dose limit for occupational workers is 50 mSv
B) For pregnant workers, total dose to abdomen should not exceed 2mSv during entire duration of pregnancy
C) Annual equivalent dose for skin for patients should not exceed 50mSv
D) Annual effective dose limit for public is 1 mSv
E) Annual effective dose limit for trainees is 15 mSv

Answers :
A) false, 20 mSv
B) true
C) false, no recommended limits for patients
D) true
E) true

Q4. What is true regarding radiation workers ?
A) Classified workers includes those workers who are likely to exceed 20 % of any of the annual dose limits
B) Records of classified workers are maintained for a period of 30 years after the last entry
C) An operator is authorized to inject radiopharmaceutical without any guidance
D) All radiation personnel in a controlled area should wear personal dosimeters
E) All radiation personnel working in a controlled area are classified workers

Answers :
A) false, 30%
B) false, 50 years
C) false, under guidance of practitioner
D) true
E) false

Q5. Medical surveillance is required in
A) Anyone whom employer intends to designate as classified person
B) Classified persons
C) Breast feeding personnel
D) Trainees
E) Received an over exposure and is not a classified person

Answers :
A) true
B) true
C) f alse
D) false
E) true

Q6. Regarding radiation hazards, the following are true
A) Threshold for hemopoietic syndrome is 1 Sv
B) Threshold for cataract is 1 Sv
C) The risk for congenital malformations is maximum when the fetus is exposed to radiation at a period of 8 – 28 weeks following conception
D) The first 3 weeks after conception are a relatively safe period with respect to irradiation in utero
E) LD50/30 is 10 mSv for humans

Answers :
A) true
B) false , 4 Sv
C) false , 3- 8 weeks
D) true
E) false, 5 mSv , 10 mSv – 100% lethality

Q7. Regarding IRR 2000, the following are true
A) A nurse can be an operator
B) Justifying an exposure is the primary responsibility of the operator
C) The responsibility of establishing diagnostic reference levels for standard examinations lies with the medical physics expert ( MPE)
D) Dose limits for persons undergoing medical examination have been recommended in IRR 2000
E) Referrers are not required for exposures which are a part of a national screening programme

Answers ;
A) true
B) false, practitioner
C) false, employer
D) false, no recommended dose limits
E) true

Q 8 . Regarding radiation monitoring devices,
A) Alpha particles are not detected by a film badge
B) Film badge measures both dose and dose rate
C) Film badges are calibrated by exposing some badges to known quantities of X rays
D) A Geiger counter is more sensitive than an air equivalent wall ionisation chamber
E)Geiger counter can differentiate between different types of radiation

Answers :
A) true
B) false
C) false
D) true
E) false

FRCR PART 1 FOREWORD

FRCR PART 1 – INTRODUCTION


The first part of the FRCR exam deals with physics . The course consists of radiation physics, Xray physics, films and screens, nuclear medicine, radiation hazards and protection and CT physics (the earlier syllabus included anatomy and procedures, these are now included in part 2A . The exam consists of true and false questions and the pass percentage is 45% .

Must read books include Fahrs and Christensons. As for all objective exams, practice of MCQs is a must. Also familiarity with regulation regarding radiation in the UK is important.

We will be posting MCQs on a regular basis….starting with topic based questions followed by mock exams later. The first set of questions are based on radiation hazards and protection.